Visual Movements
The Complete Index

Archive

Every movement on the map — 49 essays across nine clusters, in chronological order within each.

Foundations of Modern Visual Thinking1860 – 1905 · § 01
02Arts & Crafts1860 – 191001Impressionism1872 – 188604Symbolism1886 – 191003Art Nouveau1890 – 1910
The Avant-Garde Explosion1905 – 1933 · § 02
05Fauvism1905 – 190814Expressionism1905 – 192506Cubism1907 – 192207Futurism1909 – 194408Suprematism1915 – 192511Dada1916 – 192410De Stijl1917 – 193109Constructivism1919 – 193412Bauhaus1919 – 193313Surrealism1924 – 1966
Mid-Century Order1933 – 1965 · § 03
17Abstract Expressionism1943 – 196516Mid-Century Modern1945 – 196915Swiss / International Style1950s – present
Pop & the Counter-Reactions1955 – 1980 · § 04
22Brutalism (Architectural)1950s – 1980s18Pop Art1956 – 197220Minimalism (Art & Design)1960 – 198019Op Art1964 – 197221Psychedelia1965 – 1973
Postmodern Pluralism1975 – 2000 · § 05
24Postmodernism (Design)1975 – 200026Punk Graphic Design1976 – 198423Memphis Group1981 – 198725Deconstructivism1988 – 200527Grunge Design1990 – 1998
Beyond the Westcontinuous · § 06
30Islamic Geometric Design8th century – present32Indian Miniature Painting11th century – 19th century31Adinkra & West African Textile Traditions17th century – present29Ukiyo-e (Japanese Woodblock)1670s – 1900s28Mingei (Japanese Folk Craft)1920s – present
Digital Foundations1995 – present · § 07
33Skeuomorphism2007 – 2013 mainstream34Flat Design2013 – present35Material Design2014 – present
Surface & Texture (Digital)2014 – present · § 08
36Web Brutalism / Neo-Brutalism2014 – present38Neumorphism2019 – 202137Glassmorphism2020 – present39Claymorphism2021 – present40Bento Grid2022 – present
Cultural & Critical (Digital)2011 – present · § 09
45Afrofuturism1950s – present43Cyberpunk / Neon Futurism1982 – present41Vaporwave2011 – present46The New Aesthetic2011 – present44Solarpunk2014 – present47Anti-Design2018 – present48Maximalism / Acid Graphics2018 – present42Y2K Revival2021 – present49AI-Generated Aesthetic2022 – present