Visual Movements

Cluster · 1860 – 1905

Foundations of Modern Visual Thinking

The moment art stopped being a window onto the world and started thinking about itself.

Essays in this Cluster§ 01

01Impressionism1872 – 1886Painting what the eye actually sees, not what the mind already knows.02Arts & Crafts1860 – 1910A revolt of the hand against the machine.03Art Nouveau1890 – 1910Total design: every surface ornamented, every line alive.04Symbolism1886 – 1910Painting the dream, not the room.