Cluster · 1995 – present
Digital Foundations
The grammars that built the screen-based world.
Essays in this Cluster§ 01
33Skeuomorphism2007 – 2013 mainstreamDigital objects should look like the physical things they replace, so people can learn the metaphor.34Flat Design2013 – presentDigital should look digital. Stop pretending to be paper.35Material Design2014 – presentFlat, but with the physics of paper. Shadow tells the user what is real.